Aggregate

VAR_POP

BigQuery

Calculates the population variance of numeric values. Uses the N divisor formula, suitable when the data represents an entire population.

Tipe hasil: FLOAT64Diperbarui: 13 Jun 2026

Syntax

SQL

VAR_POP(expression)

Parameter

expressionnumericwajib

A numeric column or expression for which to calculate population variance

Contoh Penggunaan

Population Variance vs Sample Variance

SQL

1 SELECT
2   VAR_POP(score) as population_variance,
3   VAR_SAMP(score) as sample_variance,
4   VARIANCE(score) as variance_alias,
5   COUNT(*) as n
6 FROM `project.dataset.all_test_scores`;

Compares population and sample variance.

Hasil

population_variance	sample_variance	variance_alias	n
156.25	163.93	163.93	1000

VAR_POP for a Complete Dataset

SQL

1 SELECT
2   machine_id,
3   AVG(output_quantity) as avg_output,
4   VAR_POP(output_quantity) as output_variance,
5   STDDEV_POP(output_quantity) as output_stddev
6 FROM `project.dataset.production_log`
7 WHERE production_date >= DATE_SUB(CURRENT_DATE(), INTERVAL 30 DAY)
8 GROUP BY machine_id
9 ORDER BY output_variance DESC;

Population variance of production output (complete 30-day data).

Hasil

machine_id	avg_output	output_variance	output_stddev
M001	1250	15625	125
M002	1180	8464	92
M003	1320	4900	70

Relationship: VAR_POP and STDDEV_POP

SQL

1 SELECT
2   category,
3   VAR_POP(price) as variance_pop,
4   STDDEV_POP(price) as stddev_pop,
5   POWER(STDDEV_POP(price), 2) as stddev_squared,
6   ABS(VAR_POP(price) - POWER(STDDEV_POP(price), 2)) < 0.0001 as are_equal
7 FROM `project.dataset.products`
8 GROUP BY category;

Proves that VAR_POP equals STDDEV_POP squared.

Hasil

category	variance_pop	stddev_pop	stddev_squared	are_equal
Electronics	3422500000000	1850000	3422500000000	TRUE
Fashion	102400000000	320000	102400000000	TRUE

Pertanyaan Umum tentang VAR_POP

Apa itu fungsi VAR_POP di BigQuery?

Calculates the population variance of numeric values. Uses the N divisor formula, suitable when the data represents an entire population. Di BigQuery, fungsi VAR_POP termasuk dalam kelompok fungsi yang sering digunakan untuk mengolah dan menganalisis data secara efisien.

Bagaimana cara menggunakan VAR_POP di BigQuery?

Gunakan sintaks berikut: VAR_POP(expression). Pastikan argumen yang dimasukkan sudah sesuai dengan tipe data yang diharapkan.

Apa nilai yang dikembalikan oleh fungsi VAR_POP?

Fungsi VAR_POP mengembalikan nilai bertipe FLOAT64. Pastikan tipe data hasil sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan query atau formula kamu. Jika input mengandung nilai NULL, perilaku fungsi dapat berbeda — selalu periksa dokumentasi untuk memastikan hasilnya sesuai ekspektasi.

Apa saja parameter fungsi VAR_POP?

Fungsi ini memiliki 1 parameter wajib. Parameter yang digunakan: expression (numeric, wajib): A numeric column or expression for which to calculate population variance.

Fungsi Terkait

STDDEVSTDDEV_POPSTDDEV_SAMPVARIANCEVAR_SAMPCORRCOVAR_POPCOVAR_SAMPPERCENTILE_CONTPERCENTILE_DISC

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Kembali ke BigQuery Functions

1	SELECT
2	VAR_POP(score) as population_variance,
3	VAR_SAMP(score) as sample_variance,
4	VARIANCE(score) as variance_alias,
5	COUNT(*) as n
6	FROM `project.dataset.all_test_scores`;

1	SELECT
2	machine_id,
3	AVG(output_quantity) as avg_output,
4	VAR_POP(output_quantity) as output_variance,
5	STDDEV_POP(output_quantity) as output_stddev
6	FROM `project.dataset.production_log`
7	WHERE production_date >= DATE_SUB(CURRENT_DATE(), INTERVAL 30 DAY)
8	GROUP BY machine_id
9	ORDER BY output_variance DESC;

1	SELECT
2	category,
3	VAR_POP(price) as variance_pop,
4	STDDEV_POP(price) as stddev_pop,
5	POWER(STDDEV_POP(price), 2) as stddev_squared,
6	ABS(VAR_POP(price) - POWER(STDDEV_POP(price), 2)) < 0.0001 as are_equal
7	FROM `project.dataset.products`
8	GROUP BY category;