Conditional

CASE

DuckDB

Ekspresi kondisional yang mengevaluasi kondisi secara berurutan dan mengembalikan hasil yang sesuai. Fundamental untuk logika kondisional di SQL.

Tipe hasil: Tipe dari result expressionsDiperbarui: 6 Jan 2026

Syntax

SQL

CASE WHEN condition THEN result [WHEN...] [ELSE result] END

Parameter

conditionBOOLEANwajib

Kondisi yang akan dievaluasi

resultANYwajib

Nilai yang dikembalikan jika kondisi TRUE

ELSE resultANYopsional

Nilai default jika tidak ada kondisi yang TRUE

Contoh Penggunaan

Simple CASE

SQL

1 SELECT
2   product_name,
3   price,
4   CASE
5     WHEN price < 100 THEN 'Murah'
6     WHEN price < 500 THEN 'Medium'
7     ELSE 'Mahal'
8   END AS price_category
9 FROM products;

Mengkategorikan produk berdasarkan harga.

CASE dengan Aggregasi

SQL

1 SELECT
2   COUNT(CASE WHEN status = 'active' THEN 1 END) AS active_count,
3   COUNT(CASE WHEN status = 'inactive' THEN 1 END) AS inactive_count
4 FROM users;

Conditional counting dalam satu query.

Searched CASE vs Simple CASE

SQL

1 -- Simple CASE
2 SELECT CASE status
3   WHEN 'A' THEN 'Active'
4   WHEN 'I' THEN 'Inactive'
5   ELSE 'Unknown'
6 END AS status_label
7 FROM users;

Simple CASE untuk equality check.

Nested CASE

SQL

1 SELECT
2   CASE
3     WHEN type = 'premium' THEN
4       CASE WHEN tenure > 12 THEN 'VIP' ELSE 'Premium' END
5     ELSE 'Standard'
6   END AS customer_tier
7 FROM customers;

CASE bersarang untuk logika kompleks.

Fungsi Terkait

IFIIFDECODE

Kembali ke DuckDB Functions

1	SELECT
2	product_name,
3	price,
4	CASE
5	WHEN price < 100 THEN 'Murah'
6	WHEN price < 500 THEN 'Medium'
7	ELSE 'Mahal'
8	END AS price_category
9	FROM products;

1	SELECT
2	COUNT(CASE WHEN status = 'active' THEN 1 END) AS active_count,
3	COUNT(CASE WHEN status = 'inactive' THEN 1 END) AS inactive_count
4	FROM users;

1	-- Simple CASE
2	SELECT CASE status
3	WHEN 'A' THEN 'Active'
4	WHEN 'I' THEN 'Inactive'
5	ELSE 'Unknown'
6	END AS status_label
7	FROM users;

1	SELECT
2	CASE
3	WHEN type = 'premium' THEN
4	CASE WHEN tenure > 12 THEN 'VIP' ELSE 'Premium' END
5	ELSE 'Standard'
6	END AS customer_tier
7	FROM customers;