String

NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD

BigQuery

Normalizes a Unicode string and applies case-folding for correct Unicode-aware case-insensitive comparisons.

Tipe hasil: STRINGDiperbarui: 13 Jun 2026

Syntax

SQL

NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD(value [, normalization_mode])

Parameter

valueSTRINGwajib

The string to process.

normalization_modeSTRINGopsional

Normalization mode: NFC, NFD, NFKC (default), or NFKD.

Default: NFKC

Contoh Penggunaan

Case-insensitive Compare

SQL

1 SELECT
2   NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD('HELLO') = NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD('hello') as equal,
3   NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD('Straße') = NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD('STRASSE') as german;

Correct case-insensitive comparison including Unicode edge cases.

Hasil

equal	german
true	true

Search Preparation

SQL

1 SELECT
2   name,
3   NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD(name) as search_key
4 FROM `project.dataset.users`
5 WHERE NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD(name) = NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD('José');

Prepare strings for case-insensitive search.

Pertanyaan Umum tentang NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD

Apa itu fungsi NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD di BigQuery?

Normalizes a Unicode string and applies case-folding for correct Unicode-aware case-insensitive comparisons. Di BigQuery, fungsi NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD termasuk dalam kelompok fungsi yang sering digunakan untuk mengolah dan menganalisis data secara efisien.

Bagaimana cara menggunakan NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD di BigQuery?

Gunakan sintaks berikut: NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD(value [, normalization_mode]). Pastikan argumen yang dimasukkan sudah sesuai dengan tipe data yang diharapkan.

Apa nilai yang dikembalikan oleh fungsi NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD?

Fungsi NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD mengembalikan nilai bertipe STRING. Pastikan tipe data hasil sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan query atau formula kamu. Jika input mengandung nilai NULL, perilaku fungsi dapat berbeda — selalu periksa dokumentasi untuk memastikan hasilnya sesuai ekspektasi.

Apa saja parameter fungsi NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD?

Fungsi ini memiliki 1 parameter wajib dan 1 parameter opsional. Parameter yang digunakan: value (STRING, wajib): The string to process.; normalization_mode (STRING, opsional): Normalization mode: NFC, NFD, NFKC (default), or NFKD..

Ngulik Langsung

Sudah paham NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD? Latih langsung di browser

Latihan interaktif, langsung di browser.

Latihan Langsung →

Kembali ke BigQuery Functions

1	SELECT
2	NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD('HELLO') = NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD('hello') as equal,
3	NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD('Straße') = NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD('STRASSE') as german;

1	SELECT
2	name,
3	NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD(name) as search_key
4	FROM `project.dataset.users`
5	WHERE NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD(name) = NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD('José');